VIITORUL

 

A. Prezentul continuu cu sens de viitor.

 

1. pentru a exprima ceva deja aranjat sau planificat pentru viitorul apropiat. Timpul (tomorrow, Monday morning etc.) trebuie mentionat pentru a evita confuzia:

The PM is flying to Brussels tomorrow.

The Committee is meeting on Monday morning.

 

2. pentru a intreba pe cineva de planurile de viitor:

What are doing on Saturday night?

I’m going to the club with my girlfriend.

 

NOTA: Si prezentul simplu se foloseste pentru a exprima planuri de viitor, cu expresii de timp. Este considerat mai formal.

We leave tonight and arrive tomorrow morning.

 

B. Viitorul cu TO BE + going to.

 

1. pentru a exprima intentia de a face in viitor ceva ce nu a fost aranjat, dar probabil se va intampla:

Sarah and James are going to get married next year.

My son is going to study law at the university.

 

2. pentru a prezice o intamplare in viitor (predictia se bazeaza pe indicii din situatia prezenta):

Look at how fast those cars are moving. There is going to be an accident.

That little girl isn’t looking where she’s going. She is going to walk into a tree.

 

3. forma cu was / were going to – se foloseste pentru a exprima o intentie din trecut care nu s-a realizat:

I was going to phone you last night but I fell asleep in front of the TV.

My parents were going to go to Greece for their holidays but they changed their minds.

 

NOTA: About to se poate folosi in loc de going to atunci cand inseamna “eram pe punctul de a …… dar nu s-a realizat”.

I was about to have my dinner when the phone rang.

 

C. Viitorul simplu cu will.

 

1. pentru a exprima o reactie sau decizie spontana sau neplanificata:

I’m too tired to go out tonight. I think I will stay at home.

2. pentru evenimente probabile in viitor (pentru a transmite ceea ce vorbitorul stie, crede, spera, presupune, se teme de, se indoieste de, se asteapta sa, se intraba daca, stie etc.):

After this rainy summer, I expect the harvest will be good.

I believe the unemployment rate will drop after the government’s plan of privatisation.

 

3. pentru a prezice evenimente viitoare:

By the year 2050 we will be driving electric cars.

 

4. pentru a te oferi sa faci ceva:

“I can’t do this exercise.” “Don’t worry. I will help you.”

 

D. Viitorul continuu (will be + ING).

 

1. pentru a exprima actiuni in desfasurare in viitor, cand timpul este mentionat sau dedus:

Cathy will be wearing her red dress at the party on Saturday night.

This time next week I will be lying on a hot sunny beach.

 

2. pentru a exprima ceva ce a fost deja palnuit sau decis, fara intentia vorbitorului si fara a se mentiona un timp anume:

I’ll be going to the supermarket soon. Do you want something?

 

3. pentru a intreba politicos despre planurile altora:

“Will you be using your car this evening?” “No, why?” “Could I borrow it?”

 

E. Viitorul perfect (will + have + participiul trecut) – pentru a exprima faptul ca o actiune se va fi petrecut deja pana la un anumit moment din viitor. Este importanta mentionare momentului.

I will have retired from work by the time I’m 65.

In four months from now, she will have saved enough money to buy a car.

 

F. Viitorul perfect continuu (will + have been + ING) – pentru a exprima faptul ca o actiune se va afla inca in desfasurare la un anumit moment in viitor.

They will have been building that house for 2 years next Christmas. (= Ei vor fi construind acea casa de 2 ani Craciunul viitor.)